Effectiveness of a flash glucose monitoring systems implementation program through a group and telematic educational intervention in adults with type 1 diabetes.

OBJECTIVES: Verifying the clinical effectiveness and the impact on quality-of-life parameters, fear of hypoglycaemia and satisfaction with the treatment obtained with a flash glucose monitoring (MFG) devices implantation program that includes a telematic and group educational intervention in adults with type 1 diabetes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Prospective quasi-experimental study, carried out during the COVID-19 pandemic period with a 9-month follow-up at the Virgen Macarena University Hospital, Sevilla. RESULTS: Eighty-eight participants were included (men: 46.6%; mean age (years) 38.08, SD: 9.38); years of DM1 evolution: 18.4 (SD: 10.49); treatment with multiple doses insulin (MDI) 70.5% vs 29.5% subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy (CSII)). Baseline HbA1c was 7.74% (1.08). After the intervention, the global decrease in HbA1c was -0.45% (95% CI [-0.6, -0.25], P < 0.01), increasing to -1.08% in the group that started with HbA1c ≥ 8% (P < 0.01). A mean decrease in the Fear of Hypoglycemia 15 (FH15) test score of -6.5 points was observed (P < 0.01). In the global score of the Spanish version of Diabetes Quality Of Life (DQOL-s) test, the decrease was -8.44 points (P < 0.01). In Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire test (DTQ-s), global score increased in + 4 points (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The incorporation of an educational program in group and telematic format within the development of MFG devices implantation strategies is an effective option, with associated benefits in quality of life and fear of hypoglycemia in adult patients with DM1. This option can be implemented in usual clinical practice.

Thymic uptake after high-dose I-131 treatment in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma: A brief review of possible causes and management / Captación tímica después del tratamiento a dosis elevadas con I-131 en pacientes con carcinoma diferenciado de tiroides: revisión breve de posibles causas y manejo

PURPOSE: To report five cases of patients diagnosed with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) with uptake in the thymic area after high-dose treatment with I-131 and to evaluate the potential causes and therapeutic management. METHODS: Five cases of young female patients with a mean age of 36.6 years (24-43) who had been treated with a mean dose of 106mCi of I-131 (100-150mCi) showing tracer uptake in the thymic area are reported. An I-131 whole-body scan (131I-WBS) was performed 7 days after therapeutic dose administration to each patient. Anterior and posterior planar images, followed by SPECT/CT of the head, neck and superior mediastinum were acquired in all patients. Thyroglobulin levels were measured with and without hormone replacement therapy in all cases. Samples taken from the superior mediastinum were sent to pathology for analysis, which confirmed the presence of thymic tissue. Results: Two patients underwent elective total thymectomy due to the gross characteristics of the gland, local 131-I uptake, and high thyroglobulin levels. The remaining three patients had already undergone thymectomy as part of neck dissection during initial surgery, and no further invasive interventions were therefore performed. Pathological examination revealed no metastases in these five patients. CONCLUSIONS: Thymus visualization in young patients after administration of therapeutic doses of I-131 seems to be a more common finding than usually thought. Absence of metastasis in the thymus despite high thyroglobulin levels was confirmed in all cases. Based on these results, we suggest that a more expectant and less aggressive therapeutic approach could be used. We also suggest that I-131 therapy for DTC should be considered in classification of the potential causes of true thymic hyperplasia in the subgroup of patients recovering from a stressor

OBJETIVOS: Descripción de cinco casos de pacientes diagnosticados de carcinoma diferenciado de tiroides (CDT) con captación en el área del timo después de un tratamiento con alta dosis de I-131, y evaluar las posibles causas y manejo terapéutico. MÉTODOS: Presentamos cinco casos de mujeres jóvenes con una edad media de 36,6 años (24-43), que fueron tratadas con una dosis media de 106mCi de I-131(100-150) que mostraron captación del trazador en las región tímica. Se ralizaron rastreos de cuerpo completo a los 7 días de la administración de la dosis a todos los pacientes, se realizaron imágenes planares de cuerpo completo en proyecciones anterior, posterior y SPECT/TAC de cabeza, cuello y mediastino superior. Valorándose también los niveles de tiroglobulinas con y sin tratamiento sustitutivo hormonal. En todos los casos se confirmó mediante anatomía patológica que la captación visualizada en el mediastino superior correspondía a tejido tímico. RESULTADOS: Dos pacientes fueron sometidas a una timectomía total debido a las características macroscópicas de la glándula, la captación de I-131 y los altos niveles de tiroglobulina. En los otros tres pacientes la timectomía ya se había realizado previamente como parte de la disección del cuello en el tratamiento quirúrgico inicial por lo que se deciden no reintervenir. Los cinco casos fueron informados por anatomía patológica como negativos para metástasis. CONCLUSIONES: La visualización del timo en pacientes jóvenes tras la administración de dosis terapéuticas de I-131 es un hallazgo más frecuente de lo que pudiéramos pensar. En todos los casos se confirmó la ausencia de metástasis en el timo a pesar de los niveles elevados de tiroglobulinas. A la vista de estos resultados planteamos la posibilidad de una actitud terapéutica menos agresiva y expectante. También proponemos que la terapia metabólica para el CDT se debe tomar en cuenta en la clasificación de las causas probables de la hiperplasia tímica verdadera en el subgrupo que incluye a los pacientes en recuperación que han sido sometidos a un factor estresante

Surgical treatment of limb- and life-threatening infections in the feet of patients with diabetes and at least one palpable pedal pulse: successes and lessons learnt.

Outcomes of surgically treated limb- and life-threatening infections in patients with diabetes and a well-vascularized foot based only on the palpation of foot pulses are not well known. The authors retrospectively studied a series of 173 patients with diabetes and limb- (moderate) or life- (severe) threatening infections with at least one palpable pedal pulse who were admitted to their department for the treatment of infected diabetic foot from January 1, 1998, to December 31, 2009. A total of 141 patients (81.5%) presented with limb-threatening/moderate infections and 32 (18.5%) with life-threatening/severe infections. In all, 49 patients (28.3%) presented with soft tissue infections only, 90 (52%) with osteomyelitis and 34 (19.7%) with a combined infection. Amputation was needed in 74 patients (42.7%), of whom 6 needed a major amputation (3.5% of overall). A total of 99 (57.2%) patients were treated by conservative surgery. Four patients (2.3%) died during the postoperative period (30 days). Limb salvage was achieved in 167 (96.5%) of the patients who were followed up until healing. Healing of the wounds by secondary intention was achieved in a median of 72 days. Clinical results permit the observation that a high rate of limb salvage can be achieved after the surgical treatment of limb- and life-threatening infections in patients with at least one palpable pedal pulse.

Eficacia y seguridad de la insulina aspartato bifásica 30/70 en el tratamiento de pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 / Efficacy and safety of biphasic insulin aspart 30/70 in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Objetivo: Evaluar la seguridad y la eficacia de la insulina aspartato bifásica 30/70 en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, multicéntrico y prospectivo. Participaron en el estudio 3.054 pacientes con DM2 procedentes de atención primaria y especializada en tratamiento con insulina aspartato bifásica 30/70 (iniciado en los 15 días previos a la inclusión). De todos ellos se disponía de la siguiente información previa al inicio del tratamiento con dicha insulina: glucohemoglobina (HbA1c), glucemia en ayunas (GA), perfil de glucosa 4 puntos (antes y 90 min después de desayuno y cena) y número de hipoglucemias/semana; 2.887 completaron el estudio (26 ± 1 semana). Las variables analizadas fueron: frecuencia de acontecimientos adversos, hipoglucemias/semana, HbA1c, GA y perfil glucémico de 4 puntos. Resultados: El 10,7% de los pacientes presentaron algún acontecimiento adverso (el 2,3% relacionados con el tratamiento y el 1,4%, graves). Hubo un descenso significativo (final del estudio frente a basal, p < 0,0001 en todas las comparaciones) de las cifras de HbA1c (el 7,3 y el 8,9%, respectivamente), media de hipoglucemias/semana menores (0,3 y 0,5) y mayores (0,02 y 0,07), GA (145 y 207 mg/dl) y glucemia posprandial (162 y 225 mg/dl). La mejoría en el control metabólico se consiguió tanto en pacientes tratados previamente con antidiabéticos orales como con insulina. El número de hipoglucemias disminuyó en los tratados previamente con insulina. Conclusiones: El tratamiento con insulina aspartato bifásica 30/70 en pacientes con DM2 mejora el control glucémico con independencia del tratamiento previo, con una tasa baja de acontecimientos adversos y un número menor de hipoglucemias que en los tratados previamente con insulina (AU)

Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of biphasic insulin aspart 30/70 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Material and methods: We performed an observational, multicenter, prospective study in 3,054 DM2 patients from primary care and specialized settings, treated with biphasic insulin aspart 30/70 (started within 15 days prior to inclusion). In all patients, the following information was available before starting insulin treatment: HbA1c levels, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 4-point glucose profile (before and 90 minutes after breakfast and dinner) and number of hypoglycemic episodes/week. A total of 2,887 patients completed the study (26 ± 1 week). The variables evaluated were rate of adverse events (AE), number of hypoglycemic episodes/week, HbA1c, FPG and 4-point glucose profile. Results: At least one AE occurred in 10.7% of the patients (2.3% related to the study drug and 1.4% severe). There was a significant decrease (end of study vs baseline; p < 0.0001 for all the comparisons) in HbA1c (7.3% and 8.9%, respectively), the mean number of minor (0.3/0.5) and major (0.02/0.07) hypoglycemic episodes/week, FPG (145/207 mg/dl) and postprandial glycemia (162/225 mg/dl). The improvement in metabolic control was achieved both in patients previously treated with oral antidiabetic drugs and in those treated with insulin. The number of hypoglycemic episodes decreased in patients previously treated with insulin. Conclusions: Treatment with biphasic insulin aspart 30/70 in patients with DM2 improves glycemic control, irrespective of previous treatment, with a low rate of AE and fewer hypoglycemic episodes in patients previously treated with insulin (AU)

Efficacy and safety of biphasic insulin aspart 30/70 in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety and efficacy of biphasic insulin aspart 30/70 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed an observational, multicenter, prospective study in 3,054 DM2 patients from primary care and specialized settings, treated with biphasic insulin aspart 30/70 (started within 15 days prior to inclusion). In all patients,the following information was available before starting insulin treatment: HbA(1c) levels, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 4-point glucose profile (before and 90 minutes after breakfast and dinner) and number of hypoglycemic episodes/week. A total of 2,887 patients completed the study (26 ± 1 week). The variables evaluated were rate of adverse events (AE), number of hypoglycemic episodes/week, HbA(1c), FPG and 4-point glucose profile. RESULTS: At least one AE occurred in 10.7% of the patients (2.3% related to the study drug and 1.4% severe). There was a significant decrease (end of study vs baseline; p < 0.0001 for all the comparisons) in HbA(1c) (7.3% and 8.9%, respectively), the mean number of minor (0.3/0.5) and major (0.02/0.07) hypoglycemic episodes/week, FPG (145/207 mg/dl) and postprandial glycemia (162/225 mg/dl). The improvement in metabolic control was achieved both in patients previously treated with oral antidiabetic drugs and in those treated with insulin. The number of hypoglycemic episodes decreased in patients previously treated with insulin. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with biphasic insulin aspart 30/70 in patients with DM2 improves glycemic control, irrespective of previous treatment, with a low rate of AE and fewer hypoglycemic episodes in patients previously treated with insulin.